定语从句:附加信息
who, which, that, whose:用于连接附加信息的桥梁词——住在隔壁的那个女人,我买的那本书,他那只狗跑掉的那个男孩。
定语从句
通往附加信息的桥梁
定语从句是一个通过桥梁词粘在名词上的小句子。桥梁词告诉你这个从句是关于什么的。
who——人
那个人做或做过某事The woman who lives next door is a doctor
which——物
那个物做或做过某事The book which I bought is great
that——人或物
全能桥梁词The phone that I lost was new
whose——所属关系
所有者加入从句The boy whose dog ran away is crying
⚠️ 人用 who,物用 which,两者通用用 that,所属关系用 whose。
公式
名词 + 桥梁词 + 从句
桥梁词开启从句,从句随名词而行。一个句子,一个名词,一个附加故事。
The womanwho lives next dooris a doctor
The bookwhich I boughtwas cheap
The phonethat I lostwas new
The boywhose dog ran awayis crying
常见错误
四种桥梁失误
当第二个代词偷偷插入,当 who 和 which 互换位置,或当 who's 试图做 whose 的工作时,桥梁就会坍塌。
The woman who she called me is here.
The woman who called me is here.
💡 who 后不加额外代词——who 已经承载了那个人。
The book which I bought it is great.
The book which I bought is great.
💡 which 已经承载了宾语——去掉它。
The man which lives here is kind.
The man who lives here is kind.
💡 人用 who(用 that 也可以)。
The girl who's bag is lost is crying.
The girl whose bag is lost is crying.
💡 whose = 所属关系。who's = who is。
快速测验
测试你刚刚学到的内容
三分钟,五道题——检查记住了什么。没有作文题,我们保证。
The man ___ fixed my car is my uncle.
💡 附加信息2 个部分
谁、哪个还是谁的?
一个问题决定桥梁词。
名词决定桥梁词。问从句是关于什么的。
桥梁词
将桥梁词与其功能配对。
四个桥梁词,四种功能。掌握配对关系,从句便自行构建。
⚠️ 人用 who,事物用 which,两者通用用 that,所属关系用 whose。