已经发生的事
已经结束的事情:两分钟学会一般过去时。规则动词加 -ed,不规则动词会变化,否定句和疑问句由 did 帮忙。细节放在最下面。
什么是一般过去时?
结束了——这就是全部要点
一般过去时用来谈已经结束的事情:昨天、上周、五分钟前。只要事情已经发生,就用一般过去时——一个时态覆盖全部过去,从去年到昨晚。
已经结束的动作
事情已经结束——与现在没有联系I watched a film yesterday
规则动词:加 -ed
大多数动词直接加 -edShe played tennis
不规则动词:词形变化
有些动词完全变样——go, wentHe went to school
时间词:yesterday, last…
过去时最爱时间标记We visited Rome last summer
⚠️ 一个简单的想法:事情已经发生,就用一般过去时。
公式
主语 + 过去式动词,然后接其他
和现在时一样的骨架,一个大交换:动词加 -ed(或变化),否定和疑问句请出助动词 did。did 之后,动词回到原形——助动词扛着过去,动词可以休息。
Shewatcheda filmlast night
Shedidn'twatcha film
Didshewatcha film?
不规则动词
八个拒绝 -ed 的动词
有些动词无视 -ed 规则,完全变化:go 变成 went,不是 goed。把每个原形动词和它的过去式配对吧——这八个覆盖了日常英语的大部分。
⚠️ did 和 didn’t 后面绝不跟过去式动词:I didn’t go,不是 I didn’t went。
常见错误
要避免的五个错误
同样的五个陷阱几乎人人中招:双重过去、给不规则动词加 -ed、疑问句里忘了 did。逃脱方法如下:
I didn't went home.
I didn't go home.
💡 didn’t 之后,动词回到原形:go,不是 went。
She goed to school.
She went to school.
💡 go 是不规则动词:go → went。不加 -ed。
I watch TV yesterday.
I watched TV yesterday.
💡 Yesterday 表示过去——动词要加 -ed:watched。
Did you watched the film?
Did you watch the film?
💡 带 did 的疑问句里,主要动词保持原形。
He were happy.
He was happy.
💡 he/she/it 用 was;you/we/they 用 were。
快速测验
测试你刚学的内容
三分钟,五道题——看看记住了什么。没有作文题,我们保证。
Yesterday I ___ a great film.
💡 附加信息3 个部分
时间轴
过去就在你身后
每一个过去时间词都从现在指向后方。标记越大,离得越远。Yesterday 很近;2010 很远。
I saw her yesterday.
We played football last week.
She called me two days ago.
I started school in 2010.
动词变位
过去式没有 -s——好消息
看这张表:每个主语都用同一个动词。过去时里 he/she/it 不加 -s——那条规则只活在现在时里。唯一的不规则是 be:was 和 were。
| 主语 | 肯定句 | 否定句 | 疑问句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | I worked | I didn't work | Did I work? |
| You | You worked | You didn't work | Did you work? |
| He / She / It | He worked | He didn't work | Did he work? |
| We | We worked | We didn't work | Did we work? |
| They | They worked | They didn't work | Did they work? |
动词 "be"两种形式,不需要助动词
| 主语 | 肯定句 | 否定句 | 疑问句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | I was happy | I wasn't happy | Was I happy? |
| He / She / It | He was happy | He wasn't happy | Was he happy? |
| You / We / They | They were happy | They weren't happy | Were they happy? |
信号词
预告过去的词
一看到这些词,这个句子几乎肯定属于过去时。时间词指向后方;不规则动词自己带着变化。